convinced坚信的;tastes品味;injurious有害的;intellect智力;moral道德的;character性格。本句是主从复合句。主句Darwinwasconvinced宾语从句,句子难度不大。句子翻译达尔文认为缺乏绘画和音乐的欣赏不仅会失去快乐而且可能会影响智力的发展,更有可能会影响道德品质。主句宾语从句for引导的原因状语从句。句子翻译他(达尔文)还觉得他的能力在理解一系列又长又抽象的观点是有限的,因为他觉得他本没有在数学上有所天赋。

Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes(pictures or music) was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
先找生词。convinced 坚信的;tastes 品味;
injurious 有害的;intellect 智力;
moral 道德的;character 性格。
再找主干。本句是主从复合句。主句Darwin was convinced 宾语从句,句子难度不大。
Darwin(主语) was(系表动词) convinced(表语),达尔文认为;
the loss(从句主语) of these tastes(定语) was(系表动词) not only a loss of happiness(表语),这些(绘画和音乐)品味的缺失不仅会失去快乐;
but(并列) might possibly be(谓语) injurious(宾语) to the intellect(状语),而且可能会影响智力的发展;
and (递进)more probably to the moral character(状语),更有可能会影响品德性格。
句子翻译达尔文认为缺乏绘画和音乐的欣赏不仅会失去快乐而且可能会影响智力的发展,更有可能会影响道德品质。
He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
先找生词。asserted 断言;purely 纯粹的;
abstract 抽象的;train of(一)连串;
limited 有限的;succeeded 成功;
mathematics 数学;
再找主干。本句是主从复合句。主句 宾语从句 for 引导的原因状语从句。
He(主语) asserted(谓语), also,他还觉得(认为);
that(引导词) his power(主语) to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought(定语,这个定语有些长) was(系动词) very limited(表语),他的能力在理解一系列又长又抽象的观点是有限的;
for which reason(把这看成是because就能更好理解意思) he(主语) felt(谓语) certain(状语)因为他觉得;
that(引导词) he(从句主语) never could have succeeded(谓语,注意,这里有虚拟语气,与事实相反。never could have done本没有) with mathematics(宾语).他本没有在数学上有所天赋。
句子翻译他(达尔文)还觉得他的能力在理解一系列又长又抽象的观点是有限的,因为他觉得他本没有在数学上有所天赋。
